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Integrating Machine Learning for Propensity Score Matching and Causal Inference: A Causal Forest Approach to Assessing the Impact of Maternal Education on Antenatal Care Utilization

2025-07-11 health informatics Title + abstract only
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BackgroundWhile maternal education is linked to antenatal care (ANC) use, its causal effect remains uncertain. This study applies a machine learning approach, Causal Forests, to estimate the causal impact of maternal education on adequate ANC utilization in Bangladesh. MethodsWe analyzed data from 6,815 ever-married women aged 15-49 years who had a live birth within five years preceding the 2022 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). The outcome was adequate ANC utilization, defined a...

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