Spectroscopic and morphological study of sinusoidal mechanical vibration exposed human RBC in vitro

Humans undergoing mechanical vibration of frequency ranging from mHz to a few kHz in daily life. Human body contains about 60% of water. Blood is one of the most important body fluids and RBC are functional constituents of blood. RBC, due to their deformable nature, can undergo physical deformation or membrane damage under the influence of external mechanical vibrations over extended periods. In the present work, we studied in vitro the effect of sinusoidal mechanical vibration of 2 mm amplitude and frequency ranging from 5 to 100 Hz for 10 min duration. Physicochemical properties of controlled and mechanically vibrated RBC were examined using UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and morphology was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results showed that mechanical vibrations affect oxygenation level at the Q band (543 nm and 578 nm), and variation in transmission intensity is observed in the Amide region. RBC showed a change in morphology, where the elongation index increases along with vibration frequency. Current findings are useful to various stages of blood management and supply chain like collection, storage, transportation, handling, and donation. Key pointsO_LIEffect of mechanical vibration on RBC highlights the importance of blood transportation and handling related issues. C_LIO_LISpectroscopic and Morphological analysis revealed the modification in RBC due to sinusoidal mechanical vibration. C_LI