Human brain network control of creativity

The ability to think creatively is fundamental to human cognition, shaping how we interact with the world and navigate complex problems. Creativity depends on the interaction of multiple large-scale brain networks, but how these networks represent creative thought and distinguish it from other cognitive states remains unclear. Here, we use invasive intracranial recordings in the human brain to explore the network-level representations underlying creative thinking. Our results demonstrate that cortical networks in the human brain differentially encode distinct cognitive states: we found unique brain states underlying creative thinking vs. arithmetic calculations, particularly in the default mode network. Further, in the dorsal attention network, we uncovered nonlinear, high-dimensional representations of moment-by-moment fluctuations in creative performance. These representations define a neural creativity axis shared between network-level and single-neuron computations. Our findings reveal widespread neural representations of cognitive state and suggest distinct roles of specific cortical networks in controlling creativity, with the default mode network gating access to creative states and the dorsal attention network regulating the quality of creative output.