Effect Of Malaria On The Reticulocyte Count Of Female Students Of A University In Elele, Rivers State

BackgroundMalaria remains a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with profound haematological consequences, particularly anaemia. ObjectiveThis study investigated the impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on reticulocyte counts among female undergraduate students at Madonna University, Nigeria, a hyperendemic region. MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of 40 participants aged 15-30 years was conducted during peak transmission season (April-October). Malaria diagnosis was confirmed through Giemsa-stained microscopy and rapid diagnostic testing, while reticulocyte counts were performed manually using new methylene blue staining. ResultsThe result revealed 80% malaria prevalence, with the highest rates in 18-20 year-olds (50%). Parasite density distribution showed 90.6% low, 6.3% moderate, and 3.1% high parasitemia cases. Reticulocyte counts were significantly lower in high parasitemia cases (0.8%) compared to low/moderate parasitemia (1.4%) and uninfected students (1.3%). Age-related patterns emerged, with the lowest reticulocyte counts in infected 15-17 year-olds (0.36%) and highest in [≥]24 year-olds (1.67%). ConclusionThe findings demonstrate malarias hematological impact in this population and suggest the utility of reticulocyte monitoring in assessing infection severity.