Different Effective Infection Control Strategies for Preventing Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Related Surgical Site Infections (SSI) in Pakistan

BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) significantly contributes to surgical site infections (SSIs) in Pakistan, with prevalence rates of 38-50% among S. aureus isolates, increasing morbidity and healthcare costs ObjectiveThis study assessed the effectiveness of infection control strategies in reducing MRSA-related SSIs in Pakistani healthcare facilities, identified implementation barriers, and proposed context-specific recommendations. MethodsA cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted from January to March 2025, surveying 100 healthcare professionals (surgeons, nurses, infection control specialists) across public and private hospitals. A structured questionnaire evaluated infection control practices, with quantitative data analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, and qualitative responses thematically analyzed using Braun and Clarkes framework. ResultsOnly 10% of facilities routinely screened surgical patients for MRSA, with 62% reporting hand hygiene compliance below 70%. Facilities with regular hand hygiene audits, targeted MRSA screening, and surgical care bundles had significantly lower MRSA-SSI rates (p<0.05). Resource shortages (87%), inadequate training (64%), and organizational barriers (82%) were major challenges. The MRSA positivity rate among high-risk patients was 30.7%. ConclusionStrengthening hand hygiene, selective MRSA screening, and surgical bundles, alongside improved training and resource allocation, can reduce MRSA-SSIs in Pakistan. Tailoring global guidelines to local constraints is essential for effective implementation. These findings guide strategies to enhance surgical safety in resource-limited settings.