Efficacy of acupuncture treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundGeneralized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent mental health condition, characterized by excessive anxiety and worry that interferes with daily life. Many individuals with GAD do not receive timely and appropriate treatment, which can lead to chronic symptoms and a diminished quality of life. In addition to its psychological burden, GAD is associated with multiple physical symptoms, including tremors, muscle twitches, pain, nervousness, excessive sweating, diarrhea, palpitations and shortness of breath. As a result, it represents a significant public health challenge. Acupuncture has gained attention as a potential therapeutic approach for GAD. However, clinical research on its efficacy remains inconclusive. This systematic review aims to compile and critically evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of GAD. Methods and AnalysisA comprehensive search will be conducted across eight electronic databases: EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCIELO, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Additionally, all relevant studies from the gray literature in English, Portuguese, or Spanish will be considered. The primary outcome measure will focus on anxiety improvements, assessed using validated questionnaires. Risk of bias assessment, data synthesis, and subgroup analysis will be performed using Review Manager 8.1.1. DiscussionThis systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for GAD using Western databases. While limitations include the exclusion of Chinese databases and potential study heterogeneity, this review seeks to expand the understanding of acupuncture as a therapeutic option for GAD. PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO CRD42025622599