Amyloid-β precursor protein promotes tumor growth by establishing an immune-exclusive tumor microenvironment
Yin, T.; Wang, G.; Ma, Z.; Wang, L.; Chen, R.; Xiang, K.; Tan, L.; Wang, Y.; Chong, M.; Liang, Y.; Pan, C. C.; Alexander, P. B.; Lim, B. J. W.; Wang, E.; Liu, B.; Yan, C.; Li, Q.-J.; Wang, X.-F.
Show abstract
During initiation and progression, cancerous tissue hijacks a series of elaborate tissue homeostatic mechanisms to avoid immune surveillance, including neuro-immune interactions. Here, we show that amyloid-{beta} precursor protein (APP) and its {beta}-cleavage product amyloid-{beta}1-42 (A{beta}1-42), well-known in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD), are expressed in multiple cancer tissues. However, the oncogenic activity of APP is due to its E1 domain, instead of A{beta}1-42. Mechanistically, APP restricts immune cells influx into tumor microenvironment (TME) and impairs CD8+ T cell and NK cell-based immunity, by dampening type I interferon (IFN) response in TME. We also provide proof-of-concept that vaccination targeting APP is effective for cancer prevention. Our current study reveals a previously unrecognized role of APP in cancer immune surveillance, and provides a new strategy for cancer prevention and treatment by targeting APP.
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