Community understanding, experiences, perceptions and awareness about preeclampsia in Uganda. A Exploratory study in Mbale city

BackgroundPre-eclampsia and related hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the second leading cause of maternal mortality globally, with 95% of the burden in low and middle in countries. In Uganda, these conditions account for 16% of maternal deaths. Pre-eclampsia, which affects 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide, significantly impacts both maternal and perinatal health due to complications and iatrogenic preterm delivery. Effective management hinges on understanding the condition, early symptom recognition, and timely healthcare seeking. However, patient perspectives and experiences on pre-eclampsia in low-and middle-income countries remain underexplored. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore knowledge, myths, and experiences related to pre-eclampsia among women of reproductive age in Mbale city, Eastern Uganda, to understand their impact on health-seeking behaviours. MethodsAn explorative qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews with 81 women aged 18-49 years, recruited during a community outreach initiative on pre-eclampsia. Data were collected over 6 days between 21st-26th/May/2024 using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti software. ResultsParticipants demonstrated a limited understanding of pre-eclampsia, with common misconceptions including associating it with swollen feet, body weakness, marital distress, multiple pregnancies, high blood pressure and witchcraft reflecting a mix of accurate and misguided understandings. Participants showed varying responses to pre-eclampsia, with some relying on traditional remedies and others seeking modern medical care. Management strategies included herbal treatments and unconventional remedies. ConclusionThe study highlights a critical gap in accurate knowledge and awareness of pre-eclampsia among women in Mbale City. Misconceptions and reliance on traditional medicine contribute to delays in seeking appropriate care. Culturally tailored educational interventions are needed to improve awareness, and understanding of pre-eclampsia, and promote timely medical care, essential for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes in low-income settings.