Sleep Disruption Improves Performance in Simple Olfactory and Visual Decision-Making Tasks

Sleep disruption drastically impacts cognitive functions including decision-making and attention across many different species. In this study, we leveraged the small size and conserved vertebrate brain structure of larval zebrafish to investigate how sleep disruption modulates visual-and olfactory-decision-making. Strikingly, sleep disruption improved performance in both paradigms. Specifically, sleep disruption lengthens reaction times and increases correct decisions in a visual motion discrimination task, an effect that we attribute to longer integration periods in disrupted animals. Using a drift diffusion model, we predict specific circuit changes underlying these effects. Additionally, we demonstrate that sleep disruption heightens odor sensitivity in an olfactory decision-making task, likely mediated by cortisol. Our findings lay essential groundwork for investigating the brain circuit changes that arise from sleep disruption across species.