Upregulation of DEK Expression in Uterine Myomas and Cervical Cancer as a Potential Prognostic Factor

The aim of this pilot study is to investigate the role of the DEK protein as a potential prognostic marker in gynecological tumors, specifically focusing on uterine myomas and cervical cancer. The study cohort comprised Chinese female patients manifesting with menorrhagia and pelvisalgia, from whom neoplastic and adjacent non-neoplastic tissue specimens were procured during surgical intervention for either leiomyomas or cervical carcinoma. DEK protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were measured across normal uterine tissue, uterine myomas, and cervical cancer tissues using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results revealed a marked increase in DEK protein expression in cervical cancer tissues, moderate expression in uterine myomas, and minimal levels in normal uterine tissues. Statistical analyses confirmed significant differences in DEK protein expression between tissue types, though mRNA expression differences did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest DEKs involvement in tumor development and suppression, making it a promising biomarker for early detection in gynecological tumors. Further research is needed to elucidate DEKs mechanisms in gynecological tumorigenesis and its potential as an early biomarker, addressing critical need in womens health.