Coherence-Sense experiencing of Ukrainian Forced Migrants in The Conditions of a Full-Scale Russian Military Invasion: Behavioral Patterns, Mental Health, Believes and Everyday Challenges

Considering the Russia-Ukraine war and its profound impact on displaced populations, this study investigates the psychological, behavioral, and cultural characteristics of Ukrainian forced migrants, emphasizing gender-based differences. Using a diverse set of assessment tools, the research explores how male and female migrants cope with the complex challenges of displacement, focusing on their sense of coherence, mental health, physical well-being, learning behaviors, work attitudes, self-organization, cultural values, and religiosity. Materials and Methods. The study sampled 742 Ukrainian migrants, including 253 males and 489 females, from various European countries. Assessments included the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), Screening-Questionnaire of Negative and Positive Symptoms, Health Functionality Questionnaire, Learning Behavior Survey, Work Attitude Test, Self- Organization Questionnaire, Cultural Value Differential, and Religiosity Structure Test. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-28, incorporating factor analysis to identify key trends and differences. Results. Key findings reveal higher SOC scores among male migrants, indicating better life manageability and meaningfulness. Female migrants report higher levels of anxiety, depressive states, and health issues, reflecting greater emotional and physical burdens. Differences in learning behaviors show females face more organizational challenges but exhibit higher learning motivation. Male migrants demonstrate greater work engagement and regularity in self- organization, while females emphasize respect for authority and traditional values. Religiosity patterns indicate females derive emotional support from faith, whereas males use religiosity for identity and community bonding. Conclusions. The study underscores the necessity for gender-sensitive interventions to support Ukrainian forced migrants. Tailored approaches addressing the distinct psychological, behavioral, and cultural needs of male and female migrants are crucial for enhancing their well-being and integration into new communities during times of crisis.