The prognostic, predictive and clinicopathological impact of KRT81 / HNF1A- and GATA6- based transcriptional subtyping in pancreatic cancer

BACKGROUNDTranscriptional subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have prognostic implications and potential predictive functions. This study aimed to determine their clinicopathological impact in large cohorts of advanced and resected PDAC and their evolution during disease progression. METHODSThe clinicopathological and prognostic implications of transcriptional subtypes determined by the expression of KRT81, HNF1A and GATA6 were examined using immunohistochemistry in advanced (n=139) and resected (n=411) PDAC samples as well as in 57 matched primary tumors and corresponding metastases. RNAseq data of 316 resected PDAC patients was analyzed for validation. RESULTSBoth subtyping systems were highly interrelated. Subtypes switched during disease progression in up to 31.6% of patients. Transcriptional subtyping had a modest prognostic impact in both unstratified cohorts, but strongly improved outcomes in patients with KRT81 positive / GATA6 negative tumors treated with palliative or adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. RNAseq expression data confirmed the findings. CONCLUSIONSTranscriptional subtypes have differential responses on palliative and adjuvant gemcitabine- based chemotherapy, but they may change during disease progression. Both employed subtyping systems are equivalent and can be used to inform clinical therapy decisions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRYThe clinical trial registry identifier is NCT00440167.