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CITE-seq analysis reveals human cytomegalovirus and diabetes-associated adaptive NK cell alterations in cardiovascular disease.

Armstrong, S. S.; Chen, D. G.; Kumar, S.; Heath, J. R.; Feinstein, M.; Greenland, J. R.; Calabrese, D. R.; Lanier, L. L.; Ley, K.; Shemesh, A.

2024-03-26 immunology
10.1101/2024.03.22.581997 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide with Diabetes and human cyto-megalovirus (HCMV) infection as risk factors. CADs influence on human NK cells is not well characterized. CITE-seq analysis of a CAD cohort of 61 patients revealed distinctly higher NK cell SPON2 expression and lower IFNG expression in severe CAD patients. Interestingly, HCMV+ patients displayed lower SPON2 ex-pression while diabetes status reversed the HCMV effect. Diabetes led to diminished adaptive Fc{varepsilon}RI{gamma}-/low NK cell frequencies and was associated with a higher PBMC IL15/TGFB transcript ratio, while TGFB in-creased in severe CAD. SPON2 expression corresponded to changes in conventional vs. adaptive NK cell frequencies, and SPON2/IFNG ratio decreased in inflamed plaque tissue with an increased adaptive NK cell gene signature and was increased in severe CAD patients. Our results indicate that the SPON2/IFNG ra-tio and adaptive NK cell gene signature associated with stenosis severity or inflammation in CAD.

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