Pre-event psychiatric states predict trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic
Nakai, F.; Kubo, T.; Oka, T.; Kobayashi, N.; Tanichi, M.; Murakami, M.; Hamamura, T.; Honjo, M.; Miyake, Y.; Ide, K.; Cortese, A.; Nagamine, M.; Chiba, T.
Show abstract
Recent time-dependent analyses of stress-related disorders have identified heterogeneity of trajectories and their modifying factors. While psychiatric patients are vulnerable to stress events, it is unclear how psychiatric conditions modulate subsequent stress symptoms. Using a longitudinal online survey from pre- to post-COVID-19 pandemic (n = 3815) and a latent growth mixture model, we identified four trajectories of stress symptoms: resilient, chronic, mild chronic, and early response. Though depression/anxiety was identified as a specific risk factor for the early-response trajectory, general psychiatric burden and social withdrawal were identified as common risk/protective factors. Further, we estimated pre-pandemic latent stress symptoms to determine the predictability of the stress symptoms. The chronic group showed significantly higher latent stress symptoms scores than the mild-chronic/early-response groups, both of which were significantly higher than the resilient group. These results suggest that prior psychiatric conditions may be considered for the prevention and treatment of maladaptive stress responses.
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