A Nursing Philosophy Of Motivational Interviewing On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review

BackgroundThe management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) heavily relies on lifestyle choices and adherence. Opting for a high-risk lifestyle can exacerbate the impact on individuals with T2DM, worsening their condition. These approaches encompass self-care practices, cognitive behavioral strategies, training for family support, and educational initiatives focusing on lifestyle changes. Motivational interviewing is one strategy to changes behavior of T2DM patients. MethodThis study reviewed the literature following the PRISMA guidelines (2019- 2023). The exploration involved keyword searches for "motivational interviewing," "T2DM," "lifestyle," and "glycemic index" across databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest. Inclusion criteria encompassed quantitative research design, English language publications, research involving patients with T2DM, motivational interviewing, lifestyle modifications, and glycemic index. This resulted in the identification of 286 papers. A PICO synthesis and grouping method was used to analyze the data, aligned with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. The methodological quality assessment, carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal methodology, indicated that adopting a multidisciplinary approach involving ontological, epistemological, and axiological inquiry is a robust foundation for enhancing health information systems and clinical practice. ResultsThis study reviewed ten articles focusing on using motivational interviewing techniques to improve T2DM patients so that they can change their lifestyle and manage their glycemic index in the long term. Motivational interviewing can be conducted face to face for an average of 10-12 sessions, approximately3-6 months, both online and through intensive intervention. ConclusionThis study can demonstrate how motivational interviews can improve the behavior of T2DM patients by changing lifestyle and reducing the glycemic index in T2DM patients.