Incidence of Acute Watery Diarrhea among Internally Displaced People in Burhakaba Camps, Bay Region, Somalia

BackgroundAcute watery diarrhea (AWD) is a major public health issue among internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Somalia due to inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure and services, in crowded camps. This study aimed to determine the incidence and associated factors of AWD in IDP camps in Burhakaba, Bay region. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 318 IDPs across 6 camps in Burhakaba town. Structured interviews collected data on demographics 7-day episodes of AWD, water sources, latrine access, hygiene practices, and food consumption. AWD incidence was calculated and bivariate analysis identified associated factors. ResultsThe overall AWD incidence was 16.7%. Children under 5 had the highest incidence, at 9.8% among under 1 year and 8.9% among 1-5 years. Use of open wells (p=0.026), lack of latrines (p=0.017), poor hand-washing practices (p=0.002), and reduced food intake (p<0.001) were significantly associated with higher AWD risk. ConclusionsTargeted intervention to improve water quality, sanitation coverage, hygiene practices, and food security are urgently needed to reduce the high AWD burden among IDPs in Burhakaba.