Hyperglycosylation of prosaposin in tumor DCs promotes immune escape in cancer
Sharma, P.; Zhang, X.; Ly, K.; Kim, J. H.; Wan, Q.; Kim, J.; Lou, M.; Kain, L.; Teyton, L.; Winau, F.
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Tumors develop strategies to evade immunity by suppressing antigen presentation. Here, we show that prosaposin drives CD8 T cell-mediated tumor immunity and that its hyperglycosylation in tumor DCs leads to cancer immune escape. We found that lysosomal prosaposin and its single saposin cognates mediated disintegration of tumor cell-derived apoptotic bodies to facilitate presentation of membrane-associated antigen and T cell activation. In the tumor microenvironment, TGF-{beta} induced hyperglycosylation of prosaposin and its subsequent secretion, which ultimately caused depletion of lysosomal saposins. In melanoma patients, we found similar prosaposin hyperglycosylation in tumor-associated DCs, and reconstitution with prosaposin rescued activation of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Targeting tumor DCs with recombinant prosaposin triggered cancer protection and enhanced immune checkpoint therapy. Our studies demonstrate a critical function of prosaposin in tumor immunity and escape and introduce a novel principle of prosaposin-based cancer immunotherapy. One Sentence SummaryProsaposin facilitates antigen cross-presentation and tumor immunity and its hyperglycosylation leads to immune evasion.
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