Enhancer status in the primitive endoderm supports unrestricted lineage plasticity in regulative development
Linneberg-Agerholm, M.; Sell, A. C.; Redo-Riveiro, A.; Proks, M.; Knudsen, T. E.; Perera, M.; Brickman, J. M.
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Mammalian blastocyst formation involves the specification of trophectoderm followed by the differentiation of the inner cell mass into either epiblast or primitive endoderm. During this time, the embryo maintains a window of plasticity and can redirect its cellular fate when challenged experimentally. In this context, we found that the primitive endoderm alone was sufficient to regenerate a complete blastocyst and continue normal postimplantation development to term. We identify an in vitro population similar to the early primitive endoderm in vivo, that exhibits the same embryonic and extra-embryonic potency, forming three dimensional embryoid structures. Commitment in early primitive endoderm is suppressed by JAK/STAT signalling, collaborating with OCT4 to safeguard enhancer status enabling multi-lineage differentiation. Our observations support the notion that transcription factor persistence underlies plasticity in regulative development and highlights the importance of primitive endoderm in perturbed development.
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