Early HIV-1 Gag Assembly on Lipid Membrane with vRNA
Zhou, A. X.-Z.; Hammond, J. A.; Sheng, K.; Millar, D. P.; Williamson, J. R.
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Mass photometry (MP) was used to investigate the assembly of myristoylated full-length HIV-1 Gag (myr-Gag) and vRNA 5 UTR fragment in a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) model system. The MP trajectories demonstrated that Gag trimerization on the membrane is a key step of early Gag assembly in the presence of vRNA. Growth of myr-Gag oligomers requires vRNA, occuring by addition of 1 or 2 monomers at a time from solution. These data support a model where formation of the Gag hexamers characteristic of the immature capsid lattice occurs by a gradual edge expansion, following a trimeric nucleation event. These dynamic single molecule data involving protein, RNA, and lipid components together, provide novel and fundamental insights into the initiation of virus capsid assembly.
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