Implicit motor adaptation and perceived hand position without proprioception: A kinesthetic error may be derived from efferent signals
Tsay, J. S.; Chandy, A. M.; Chua, R.; Miall, R. C.; Cole, J.; Farne, A.; Ivry, R. B.; Sarlegna, F. R.
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Implicit sensorimotor adaptation keeps our movements well-calibrated amid changes in the body and environment. We have recently postulated that implicit adaptation is driven by a perceptual error: the difference between the desired and perceived movement outcome. According to this perceptual re-alignment model, implicit adaptation ceases when the perceived movement outcome - a multimodal percept determined by a prior belief conveying the intended action, the motor command, and feedback from proprioception and vision - is aligned with the desired movement outcome. Here, we examined the role of proprioception in implicit motor adaptation and perceived movement outcome by examining individuals who lack proprioception. We used a modified visuomotor rotation task designed to isolate implicit adaptation and probe perceived outcome throughout the experiment. Surprisingly, implicit adaptation and perceived outcome were minimally impacted by deafferentation, posing a challenge to the perceptual re-alignment model of implicit adaptation.
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