An ESCRT-dependent pathway of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Spatial PQC is coordinated at Nuclear Vacuolar Junctions

Effective Protein Quality Control (PQC), essential for cellular health, relies on spatial sequestration of misfolded proteins into defined inclusions. Here we elucidate the coordination of nuclear and cytoplasmic spatial PQC. While cytoplasmic misfolded proteins concentrate in a cytoplasmic, perinuclear Juxta Nuclear Quality control compartment (JUNQ), nuclear misfolded proteins sequester into a perinucleolar IntraNuclear Quality control compartment (INQ). Particle tracking reveals the INQ and JUNQ converge to face each other across the nuclear envelope at a site proximal to the Nuclear-Vacuolar Junction (NVJ) marked by perinuclear ESCRT-II/-III protein Chm7. Strikingly, this ESCRT-dependent convergence facilitates VPS4-dependent vacuolar clearance of misfolded cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, the latter entailing extrusion of nuclear INQ into the vacuole. We propose perinuclear ESCRT coordinates spatial PQC at nuclear-vacuolar contacts to facilitate vacuolar clearance of nuclear and cytoplasmic misfolded proteins.