The impact of assortative mating, participation bias, and socioeconomic status on the polygenic risk of behavioral and psychiatric traits
Cabrera Mendoza, B.; Wendt, F.; Pathak, G. A.; Yengo, L.; Polimanti, R.
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To investigate assortative mating (AM), participation bias, and socioeconomic status (SES) with respect to the genetics of behavioral and psychiatric traits, we analyzed gametic phase disequilibrium (GPD), within-spouses and within-siblings polygenic risk score (PRS) correlation, performing a SES conditional analysis. We observed genetic signatures of AM across multiple methods for traits related to substance use with SES conditioning increasing the within-spouses PRS correlation for Frequency of drinking alcohol (2.5% to 6%), Maximum habitual alcohol intake (1.33% to 4.43%), and Ever taken cannabis (1.5% to 5.3%). Comparing UK Biobank mental health questionnaire responders vs. non-responders, major depressive disorder PRS showed significant GPD in both groups when based on the Million Veteran Program (3.2% vs. 3%), but only in responders when based on the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (3.8% vs. 0.2%). These results highlight the impact of AM, participation bias, and SES on the polygenic risk of behavioral and psychiatric traits.
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