Representation of Race and Ethnicity in a Contemporary US Health Cohort: The All of Us Research Program
Kathiresan, N.; Cho, S. M. J.; Bhattacharya, R.; Truong, B.; Hornsby, W.; Natarajan, P.
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Participation and inclusion in biomedical research remain disproportionate across sociodemographics limiting discoveries in genomic studies and contributing to systemic disparities in healthcare. To alleviate such inequities, the National Institute of Health initiated the All of Us Research Program (AoU), a prospective, population-based cohort to identify the root causes and consequences of health outcomes across diverse demographics. We quantify representation of key racial groups in the accruing AoU cohort of US adults aged [≥]18 years and compare to their actual representation in the US. Of the 358,705 AoU participants to date, Hispanic or Latino participants were underrepresented by 0.85-fold, non-Hispanic Asian by 0.58-fold, non-Hispanic White by 0.98-fold, and Other by 0.43-fold. Meanwhile, individuals identifying as non-Hispanic Black or African American were overrepresented by 1.88-fold. While AoU representation better mirrors the US demographics compared to other cohorts, recruitment trends for the ongoing AoU underscore the need to further tailor participation initiatives for diverse populations.
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