A Novel Bacterial Speciation Process Observed in a Symbiotic Marine Population
Wang, X.; Uematsu, K.; O'Rourke, A.; Akita, T.; Kimura, K.; Tomaru, Y.; Voolstra, C. R.; Innan, H.; Luo, H.
Show abstract
Bacteria undergo asexual reproduction, but genetic exchange is common. Current models posit that speciation of sexual bacteria is a gradual and long process, and genetic exchanges decrease but never cease between nascent species. Here, we show that in a panmictic bacterial lineage found in symbiosis with invertebrate hosts across multi-marine ecosystems, a series of speciation events occurred unusually fast with between-species genetic exchange approximating a complete halt. The speciation process is too rapid to sort out ancestral polymorphisms, giving rise to between-species phylogenetic incongruence at a genome-wide scale. This novel bacterial speciation process leads to incomplete lineage sorting, which to date has only been observed in eukaryotes but is 100-1000 times faster. Our finding allows for a more unified understanding of the speciation process across prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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