Decreased cerebral blood flow in non-hospitalized adults who self-isolated due to COVID-19
Kim, W. S. H.; Ji, X.; Roudaia, E.; Chen, J. J.; Gilboa, A.; Sekuler, A. B.; Gao, F.; Lin, Z.; Jegatheesan, A.; Masellis, M.; Goubran, M.; Rabin, J. S.; Lam, B.; Cheng, I.; Fowler, R.; Heyn, C.; Black, S. E.; Graham, S. J.; MacIntosh, B. J.
Show abstract
The long-term consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on brain physiology and function are not yet well understood. From the recently described NeuroCOVID-19 study, we examined cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 50 participants recruited to one of two groups: 1) adults who previously self-isolated at home due to COVID-19 (n = 39; 116.5 {+/-} 62.2 days since positive diagnosis), or 2) controls who experienced flu-like symptoms but had a negative COVID-19 diagnosis (n = 11). Participants underwent arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T to yield measures of CBF. Voxel-wise analyses of CBF were performed to assess for between-group differences, after controlling for age and sex. Relative to controls, the COVID-19 group exhibited decreased CBF in the thalamus, orbitofrontal cortex, and regions of the basal ganglia. Within the COVID-19 group, CBF differences in occipital and parietal regions were observed between those with (n = 11) and without (n = 28) self-reported on-going fatigue. These results suggest long-term changes in brain physiology in adults across the post-COVID-19 timeframe. Moreover, CBF may aid in understanding the heterogeneous symptoms of the post-COVID-19 condition. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further characterize the consequences of COVID-19 on the brain.
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