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Baseline hypocapnia is associated with intubation in COVID-19 diagnosed patients

Gounidis, A.; Evangeliou, A.; Kloura, C.; Magganari, E.; Parisi, C.; Kourtidis, M.; Apostolopoulou, M.; Kotronis, G.; Apostolidou Kiouti, F.

2021-11-21 respiratory medicine
10.1101/2021.11.19.21266581 medRxiv
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IntroductionHypocapnia may be one of the several factors predefining the need for intubation of patients needing hospitalization for COVID-19 pneumonia. MethodsA retrospective evaluation of patient files hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia from October 2020 until January 2021. Univariate and multivariate regression was used, as well as a multinomial regression to account for multiple endpoints (discharge, intubation, death). ResultsHypocapnia was strongly associated with intubation (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.97). Additionally, last pCO2 (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16), baseline FiO2 (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.07) as well as last FiO2 (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.46), total severity score on admission (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.37) and last pO2 (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.92) were found to have a significant impact on intubation. Incorporation of deceased patients withheld the negative association with pCO2 levels (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98). ConclusionThe dissociation between respiratory failure and a clinically comfortable patient is partly due to decreased carbon dioxide levels and clinicians should bare it in mind when handling patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Hypocapnia seems to be a determinant factor of intubation in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in this study.

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