Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for greater than six months after infection
Dan, J. M.; Mateus, J.; Kato, Y.; Hastie, K. M.; Faliti, C.; Ramirez, S. I.; Frazier, A.; Yu, E. D.; Grifoni, A.; Rawlings, S. A.; Peters, B.; Krammer, F.; Simon, V.; Saphire, E. O.; Smith, D.; Weiskopf, D.; Sette, A.; Crotty, S.
10.1101/2020.11.15.383323 bioRxivShow abstract
Understanding immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines, and for assessing the likely future course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at [≥] 6 months post-infection. IgG to the Spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month post symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells declined with a half-life of 3-5 months. By studying antibody, memory B cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 in an integrated manner, we observed that each component of SARS-CoV-2 immune memory exhibited distinct kinetics.
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