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Development of Brain Network Connectivity in Risky Drinkers During Adolescence

Baker, S. T. E.; Yucel, M.; Fornito, A.; Zalesky, A.; Whittle, S.; Allen, N. B.; Lubman, D. I.

2020-10-27 psychiatry and clinical psychology
10.1101/2020.10.22.20217992 medRxiv
Show abstract

Alcohol consumption is common in adolescence, a time when the human brain undergoes substantial development, raising concerns about the neurodevelopmental impact of drinking alcohol, especially at high levels. Risky drinking may adversely affect the developing white matter, comprised of axonal fibre pathways that integrate anatomically distributed, and functionally specialised, neural systems. We used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to perform the first prospective, comprehensive and regionally unbiased connectome-wide analysis of longitudinal changes in inter-regional structural connectivity between 16.5 and 18.8 years of age, comparing adolescents who reported frequent risky drinking (n = 20) with those who reported limited risky drinking (n = 19) across this developmental period. We found no difference in the development of structural connectivity between these groups, regardless of whether inter-regional connections were quantified using streamline count, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, or radial diffusivity. These findings suggest that risky drinking may have limited adverse effects on the development of inter-regional structural connectivity during mid to late adolescence.

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