Spatially Restricted Immune Responses Allow for Root Meristematic Activity During Bacterial Colonisation
Emonet, A.; Zhou, F.; Vacheron, J.; Heiman, C. M.; Denervaud Tendon, V.; Ma, K.-W.; Schulze-Lefert, P.; Keel, C.; Geldner, N.
Show abstract
Plants circumscribe microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered immune responses to weak points of the roots. This spatially restricted immunity was suggested to avoid constitutive responses to rhizosphere microbiota. To demonstrate its relevance, we combined cell-type specific expression of the plant flagellin receptor (FLS2) with fluorescent defence markers and mapped immune competency at cellular resolution. Our analysis distinguishes cell-autonomous and non-cell autonomous responses and reveals lignification to be tissue-independent, contrasting cell-type specific suberisation. Importantly, our analysis divides the non-responsive meristem into a central zone refractory to FLS2 expression, and a cortex that becomes highly sensitised by FLS2 expression, causing meristem collapse upon MAMP exposure. Meristematic epidermal expression generates super-competent lines that detect native bacterial flagellin and bypass the absence of response to commensals, providing a powerful tool for studying root immunity. Our precise manipulations and read-outs demonstrate incompatibility of meristematic activity and defence and the importance of cell-resolved studies of plant immunity.
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