Twin Research and Human Genetics

Having a family member with mental disorder will affect their healthy family member life. This study to examine the factors impacted on adolescent well-being who have family member with mental disorder. This study was a literature review in two databases SCOPUS and Science which conducted by four steps: (1) identification of literature; (2) screening questions; (3) eligibility using inclusion criteria; and (4) assessment of the quality of the studies. This study found 17 article which then reviewed and analyzed. The study result found seven theme that impacted on well-being included the caregiving responsibilities; the caregiving perception; the caregiving supports; Coping; Caregiving burden; Caregiving positive effects; Psychological impact; Adaptation enhancing. This study the results show the need to explore the seven themes in relation to the conditions of well-being on adolescent who have family member with mental disorder.

A multiple-birth family is one with or expecting more than one child from the same pregnancy. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate knowledge about multiple-birth families among midwives and public health nurses working in maternity and child health clinics in Finland. The data were collected with a Finnish language questionnaire in spring 2022. Because relevant questionnaires did not exist, we created a new questionnaire based on existing knowledge and practices. The questionnaire assessed xx themes of multiple-birth knowledge relevant for the target population. The response rate was 50% and the number of respondents was 72. A total of 92 items were assessed and these showed high levels of consistency within themes. The respondents had substantial variation in their levels of multiple-birth family knowledge concerning different themes (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons revealed many significant differences between themes. The two themes of knowledge of speech development of twins and breast feeding having the lowest level of knowledge, while interaction and support expected by the parents having the highest level of knowledge. The respondents had good knowledge of only five themes of multiple-birth family knowledge. Of all the themes, only knowledge about breast feeding was not significantly related to other themes, except for a weak correlation (r = 0.264, p < 0.05) with knowledge about caring for twins and understanding the situation. The age, educational level and work experience of respondents did not significantly affect their scores (all p > 0.1). Although the respondents had knowledge about early interaction, bonding and supporting the growth and development of child, its application is insufficient or lacking because of the special needs of multiple birth families. Further research is required on the effectiveness of training interventions and on nursing in different nursing contexts.

Both genes and the neighborhood are important for life satisfaction; however, there is little research on gene-environment interactions (GxE) that examines how the effect of genetic endowments varies as a function of the environmental context with life satisfaction as the outcome. This study investigated how neighborhood deprivation moderates the effects of genetic predisposition on life satisfaction. Using data from the German Twin Family Panel (TwinLife), we identified 760 dizygotic (DZ) twins and employed twin fixed-effect models to assess the GxE effects on life satisfaction. The findings reveal that the polygenic score (PGS) for subjective well-being is positively associated with life satisfaction. The effect of PGS for subjective well-being on life satisfaction is strongest for individuals living in moderately deprived areas, while it is weaker for those living in highly deprived and less deprived areas. Thus, there are signs of compensation in less deprived areas and, particularly, diathesis-stress/triggering in highly deprived areas.

Wellbeing is commonly defined as the combination of feeling good and functioning well and typically conceptualized as two related but distinct components. Hedonic wellbeing emphasizes pleasure, happiness, and life satisfaction, while eudaimonic wellbeing focuses on meaning, personal growth, flourishing, and the realization of ones potential. The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form was developed as a comprehensive measure of wellbeing and includes three subscales assessing emotional, social, and psychological wellbeing. Although the Mental Health Continuum total score is often interpreted as an indicator of overall wellbeing, the underlying genetic structure of its three subscales and its genetic overlap with other commonly used wellbeing measures remains unclear. Using data from 5,212 individuals from the Netherlands Twin Register (72% female, mean age 36.4), we fitted multivariate twin models to examine the genetic architecture of the Mental Health Continuum and its associations with other wellbeing measures (quality of life, life satisfaction, subjective happiness, and flourishing). Results indicate that, at the genetic level, the Mental Health Continuum is best explained by its three distinct subscales rather than by a latent factor. When considering the Mental Health Continuum together with the other wellbeing measures, we found moderate to high genetic correlations (r = 0.52 - 0.83), indicating substantial overlap in the genetics underlying the wellbeing constructs. However, we did not find evidence for a single common genetic factor underlying all constructs. These findings highlight the multidimensional structure of wellbeing, but the moderate to high genetic correlations across measures suggest that it is important to align the level of measurement (phenotypic vs genetic) with the research question.

IntroductionSick children will be at risk of experiencing growth and development disorders and experiencing severe conditions to decreased quality of life. Quality of care through proper management of sick children under five is a priority. However, in the field of pediatric nursing, there are still obstacles to the application of family empowerment in caring for sick children, so it is important to examine a literature review with a philosophical approach the application of family empowerment in caring for sick children, as an effort to optimize the care of sick children under-five. MethodThis study was based on the results of the Literature Review. Articles were obtained from 3 databases, namely Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed. The keywords used in searching the literature in this study were ((parent) OR (mother) AND (parental AND empowerment) OR (engagement) AND (children) OR (sick AND children)). Articles searched from 2018-2022, which were open access and in English, from this literature review search, found 12 articles. ResultBased on a philosophical approach of family empowerment in the care of sick children under-five, family empowerment interventions with the principle of involving families in care, and increasing family knowledge and skills in caring for sick children can be implemented as an effort to optimize care for sick toddlers. ConclusionThe results of this literature review can be used as a basis for nursing interventions that require parental involvement in caring for sick children. Family empowerment programs that are planned and structured can be applied in the care of sick children at home or in the hospital.

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with lower breastfeeding initiation, shorter breastfeeding duration and lower rates of exclusive breastfeeding. Although breastfeeding intention predicts initiation, little is known about how first-time mothers living with obesity experience the transition from antenatal intention to postpartum reality. Aim: This qualitative study explored breastfeeding expectations, intentions, attitudes and early breastfeeding challenges among first-time mothers living with obesity in Switzerland. Methods: Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with first-time mothers living with obesity in German-speaking Switzerland. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke. Results: All participants intended to breastfeed and described breastfeeding as part of motherhood. However, most experienced a postpartum reality that differed from their expectations. Three themes were developed: antenatal engagement with and expectations of breastfeeding, postpartum breastfeeding reality, and everyday breastfeeding life. Women received little antenatal breastfeeding counselling and faced challenges related to medicalised birth, delayed lactogenesis II, breast anatomy, pain, insufficient milk supply, pumping and inconsistent professional support. Several women described feelings of failure when breastfeeding did not work as hoped. Conclusion: First-time mothers living with obesity may have strong breastfeeding intentions but still experience major challenges after birth. Breastfeeding support should start during pregnancy and be realistic, respectful and weight-inclusive.

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is the most widespread chronic non-infectious disease, with an increase in the frequency in childhood that could be the epidemic of the 21st century. This literature aims to study the philosophy of family center care interventions to improve the quality of life of children with diabetes melitus viewed from three philosophical perspectives, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology. MethodA literature search was performed on five databases, namely SCOPUS, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGEPub, and Google Scholar. Population limitations and diagnoses in this literature of children with diabetes melitus. This research is a quantitative study focusing on publications between 2017-2022. ResultFamily centered care can improve the quality of life of children with diabetes. Children with diabetes successfully manage their disease is possible because parents have understood and received ongoing training and in this case, children with connections to the diabetes care team (family) and medical team play an important role in the management of childrens diabetes. Training and strengthening education helps families to control disease. Teaching children and their families to improve knowledge and control diabetes and metabolic diseases. ConclusionFamily centered care for children with diabetes requires family knowledge about care, training skills, building strong motivation for children with diabetes so that complications do not occur.

Background: Poor prenatal sleep health is associated with greater gestational weight gain, but the contributions to longer-term maternal weight retention remain unclear. Purpose: To examine associations between prenatal sleep health across multiple domains and maternal weight retention 2 to 7 years after a first birth. Methods: Participants were from the nuMoM2b-Heart Health Study. Self-reported sleep was assessed during early (6 to 13 6/7 weeks) and mid-pregnancy (22 to 28 6/7 weeks) across six domains: regularity, quality, sleepiness, timing, efficiency, and duration. A multidimensional sleep health (MSH) score reflected the number of domains meeting healthy thresholds. Outcomes included maternal weight retention, total and substantial (>11 lbs.), from pre-pregnancy to 2 to 7 years after a first birth. Associations were estimated using adjusted linear regression for total weight retention and Poisson regression with robust variance for substantial weight retention. Results: The sample included 3,661 individuals with data in early (n = 2,962) and mid-pregnancy (n = 3,210). In early pregnancy, healthy sleep duration was associated with lower total weight retention, whereas healthy sleep regularity was unexpectedly associated with greater retention. In contrast, during mid-pregnancy, a higher MSH score was associated with a lower risk of substantial weight retention (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93 to 0.99). Healthy sleep duration and quality were the two individual domains associated with lower weight retention (2 to 3 lbs.). Conclusions: In a prospective cohort of pregnant nulliparous individuals, healthy prenatal sleep, particularly during mid-pregnancy, was associated with less maternal weight retention 2 to 7 years after delivery. Future studies should estimate the causal effects of sleep health on long-term maternal weight retention.

BackgroundSince nursing job is perceived as personally and professionally demanding, internal resources such as resilience and coping skills are essential to improve nurses health and wellbeing and therefore work productivity and quality of patient care. ObjectiveTo assess the effect of social support on nurses resilience. Moreover, we investigated the impact of demographic characteristics of nurses on their resilience. MethodsWe conducted an on-line cross-sectional study in Greece. Data were collected during October 2022. We used the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to measure social support, and the Brief Resilience Scale to measure resilience. We measured the following demographic characteristics of nurses: gender, age, self-perceived health status, COVID-19 diagnosis, MSc/PhD diploma, and clinical experience. ResultsStudy population included 963 nurses with a mean age of 37.9 years. Nurses experienced moderate levels of resilience and high levels of social support. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified that increased significant others support and increased friends support were associated with increased resilience. Moreover, we found a positive relationship between age and resilience. Also, nurses with good/very good health had higher levels of resilience compared to nurses with very poor/poor/moderate health. Finally, resilience was higher among nurses with MSc/PhD diploma. ConclusionsWe found a positive relationship between social support and resilience among nurses. Understanding of factors that influence nurses resilience can add invaluable knowledge to develop and establish tailored programs. Peer support is essential to improve nurses resilience and promote patient healthcare.

IntroductionDespite the evidence that fatherhood has a long-term positive and protective effect on mens health, there is also evidence that fatherhood in the perinatal period can be complex and demanding. The challenging nature of fatherhood during the perinatal period can be further compounded by the experience of preterm birth. Preterm birth, defined as a birth occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, has been identified as a risk factor for maternal stress, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress. It can be hypothesised that preterm birth is also a risk factor for fathers mental health; however, as no attempt has been made to systematically review studies that have examined preterm births and fathers mental health during the perinatal period it is currently not known how common or signficant the impact of a preterm birth is on fathers mental health during this life stage. AimThe aim of the systematic review will be to critically appraise the empirical evidence that examined preterm birth and fathers mental health during the perinatal period. DesignSystematic review MethodsThe review will be guided by the PRISMA reporting process. Electronic databases Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collections will be searched to identify studies that meet the inclusion criteria. Studies that researched preterm birth during the perinatal period will be included if fathers mental health was the principal focus of the research, if fathers mental health was in the title and/or aim of the study or if fathers mental health was an outcome or dependent variable. Data will be extracted and presented in narrative form including tables and figures. Trial registrationTrial registration: the protocol for this systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO [CRD42024536317]. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=536317

This study aims to qualitatively explore how fathers raising twins acquire their paternal roles and how their perceptions and attitudes change throughout the parenting process. The study was conducted through online semi-structured interviews with 10 fathers of twins, based on an interview guide. A qualitative inductive method was employed to analyze and structure fathers perceptions of childcare. An exploratory net was created from 388 labels, following which categories were derived through multi-stage pick-up, and groups were formed and illustrated. The resulting structure illustrated a dynamic process in which fathers, who were unable to fully comprehend what it meant to become a father of twins during pregnancy, confronted the unexpected realities of twin parenting after birth. This led to not only psychological and emotional challenges, but also gradual adaptations and transformations. The findings underscore the need for early interventions to support fathers and contribute to the development of comprehensive support systems that consider the complexities of parenting twins. In the future, developing phased support programs for fathers-- beginning in the prenatal period--and promoting broader social understanding involving families, communities, and workplaces will be essential in fostering environments that enable sustainable work-life balance for fathers.

BackgroundDepression is a major public health concern with a complex etiology, which may also be influenced by the living environment. The first-person visibility represents the most direct way of influence from the physical environment. ObjectivesWe aim to investigate the effect of the visibility of the environment at the residence on self-reported depression among early midlife adults, as well as underlying gene-environment interplay. MethodsThe study used 1867 participants who completed the early midlife follow-u p (mean age: 37.2 years) of the FinnTwin12 cohort. The visibility of the environment at the residence was segmented into three visibility factors: sky, tree, and building. Linear regression was fitted between visibility factors and self-reported depression. Molecular methods using polygenetic risk score and twin design (univariate modeling and bivariate moderation modeling) were applied to explore the gene-environment correlation and interaction. FindingsIn males, a higher proportion of building visibility factor was associated with more depression (beta: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.36). Univariate twin models estimated that additive genetic factors accounted for 46%, 29%, and 49% of the variance in sky, tree, and building visibility factors, respectively. Bivariate moderation analyses revealed strong gene-environment interactions between all three visibility factors and self-reported depression in females, while in males, interaction was observed by the building visibility factor. ConclusionUrban design should consider building density and other related characteristics to promote mental well-being. The complex gene-environment interplay informs the need for tailored interventions that account for genetic susceptibility and processes by which persons select their inhabitats.

Health as an inseparable part of human beings needs to be maintained to achieve a complete human health degree. The role of health literacy in attaining optimum health is significant. When associated with nursing, health literacy must be interpreted as a part of the role and function of nursing. However, to understand health literacy, it is necessary to study it from the aspect of scientific formation itself and a nursing perspective. This review proposes an alternative conceptualization of health literacy from a nursing perspective. This review used an integrative search through four databases: ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SAGE Journal, and Google Scholar. Search using various combinations of keywords with the help of Boolean operators, including: health literacy, nursing perspective, nursing, and conceptualization combined as MESH terms. The inclusion criteria are peer-reviewed articles in English that discuss health literacy and nursing perspective. Articles published within the last six years (2017-2022). Research such as literature reviews, dissertations, editorials, commentaries, and other expert opinions are excluded. Ten articles were considered in this literature review. We describe the conceptualization of health literacy from the nurses point of view, the predictors that influence it, the dimensions surrounding health literacy, the implication of health literacy, and how nurses will participate in supporting this health literacy. In the end, this conceptualization will be used as an illustration material to integrate the concept of health literacy into various problems that become nursing tasks.

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to examine the philosophy of social support from the perspective of the resilience. MethodsThis study used a literature review using the PICOS framework. There are 11 articles in it, articleswere searched from 4 databases namely Sciencedirect, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL. The keywords used in the literature search were resilience AND social support, AND nurses AND hospital. The search was limited to 2019-2024 publications, full articles, not review articles. The strategy used to search for articlesusing the PICOS framework. Then selected using the PRISMA diagram andobtained eleven articles. Quality assessment of eleven articles using the JBI CriticalAppraisal tool. ResultsTen articles describing the relationship between social support and resilience. Social Support can be used improve resilience in nurses at hospital. ConclusionSocial support is related to psychological resilience. Building resilience and social support can help reduce nurses vulnerability. Policymakers must develop and implement appropriate strategies to increase nurses social support and resilience to improve the quality of nursing care.

IntroductionThe emergence of deinstitutionalisation of people with mental disorders has led to the burden of patient care being shifted to families. Patients with schizophrenic disorders who live with their families account for up to 50%. Families play an important role in the lives of individuals living with mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. Caregivers often face economic burdens and challenges in managing daily household tasks, which can exacerbate stress and reduce their overall well-being. This family support is lacking as family caregivers often experience significant emotional and physical stress due to the high demands of caregiving. If an individual receives emotional, informational, or instrumental support from their family then they will likely have greater confidence, hope, and optimism to pursue recovery and live a fulfilling and meaningful life. MethodsThis research uses a literature review using the PICOS framework. The literature for the originality of this research uses articles in English from 4 databases: Science direct, Scopus, Sage and EBSCOhost. The keywords used in the literature search were: "family support" AND family AND support AND schizophrenia. The search was limited to publications from 2019-2024 and the articles retrieved were full articles not review articles. The strategy used to search for articles used the PICOS framework. Then selected using PRISMA diagram and obtained ten articles. ResultsThere are 10 articles obtained and all of them explain about family support in caring for schizophrenia patients both from factors that affect family support, forms of family support and the impact of family support on caregivers or family members and patients. Thus, family support is very important for the welfare of caregivers and for patients who experience schizophrenia disorders. ConclusionFamily support is essential in the care of patients with schizophrenia. There are several barriers that prevent families from accessing necessary resources and support, including stigma, lack of information, and limited contact with the healthcare team. Family Support provided to caregivers as well as to patients provides better outcomes for patients including increased independence and improved daily functioning, reduced caregiver burden and improved caregiver ability to provide care.

BackgroundTherapeutic play is an important strategy in nursing care to relieve emotional discomfort of school-age children. The aim of this scoping review was to map the use of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children. MethodsSearches in the databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, BDENF, LILACS and CAPES theses and dissertations portal. A total of 1,486 records were identified and 32 included in the review. Eligibility criteria: The literature on children aged 6 to 12 participating in therapeutic play sessions in nursing care in any place, in the form of original articles, theses and dissertations, in English, Spanish or Portuguese. There was no time limit. ResultsThe focus theme has been described since 1987 in the national and international scientific literature. There is consensus on the benefits of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children in various situations, especially in the hospital context, with proven efficacy in research that encourages the application of this strategy in nursing practice, but there are barriers for its implementation. ConclusionThe review identified the settings, situations, benefits, barriers and gaps regarding the use of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children. ImplicationsThe positive results reported in the studies can be used to enrich discussions about the use of therapeutic play in nursing practice for school-age children and encourage awareness of the importance of this strategy. The gaps identified contribute to future research.

IntroductionAutism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can cause repetitive behavior, limited activity, and a lack of ability to communicate and socialize. The purpose of this literature review is to identify the effectiveness of Complementary mind-body-spirit therapies, manipulative and body-based therapies, and energy therapies in children with autism. MethodLiterature search method using ProQuest, PubMed, and Science Direct databases with include the keywords Complementary therapy in children with autism or Complementary therapy in children with autism. The search was limited to publication criteria in the 2018-2022 timeframe, full-text articles, and not review articles. ResultsOf the study showe that Complementary therapies are effective in improving development in children with autism consisting of mind-body-spirit therapies (music, yoga, Quran Murrotal Audio) effective in improving: communication and social skills also brain connectivity, the concentration, and attention span, and sleep quality, manipulative and body based therapies (physical activity, Tai Chi Chuan, massage) are effective in improving social interaction and communication skills, reducing stereotyped behavior, and preventing the risk of autism, energy therapies (reflexology, hypnotherapy, and healing touch) are effective in reducing the symptoms of autism and constipation and overcome hyperactive behavior. ConclusionComplementary mind-body-spirit therapies, manipulative and body-based therapies, and energy therapies are effective in improving the development of children with autism.

Weight misperception is a critical indicator of body dissatisfaction and cardiovascular risk, yet remains understudied in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) populations who face unique barriers to health literacy. Addressing this gap is vital given the potential for "visual normalization," where limited access to health information can influence how weight status is interpreted without adequate health literacy. This study investigated weight misperception prevalence among DHH adults using a representative weighted sample of over 213 million from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018). We assessed agreement between self-perceived weight and two objective metrics: Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR). Results show that while DHH individuals demonstrated higher odds of accurate perception using standard BMI categories, they were significantly more likely (>34%) to misperceive their weight status when assessed via WHtR. This discrepancy suggests that DHH individuals may struggle with visual assessments of adiposity, supporting the visual normalization hypothesis. We posit that linguistic inaccessibility drives health literacy disparities, underscoring the urgent need for competent health communication to mitigate body dissatisfaction and long-term health risks in the DHH community.

The influence of parenting on childrens socioemotional development at age 4 years was investigated using data from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. A total of 4010 children (50.6% male; mean age=45.5 months, SD=2.6; 72.4% White, 27.4% Black, 0.2% others) and their mothers (mean age=31.4 years, SD=6.6) took part in the study. Parenting was assessed via the Parental and Family Adjustment Scale and three observational tasks. Child mental health was assessed using the emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and hyperactivity/inattention subscales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Adjusted models showed that poor parental consistency, use of coercive parenting, and poor parent-child interactions were significantly associated with all three child outcomes.

BackgroundMediation analysis requires strong assumptions of no unmeasured confounding. Sibling designs offer a method for controlling confounding shared within families, but no previous research has done mediation analysis using sibling models. MethodsWe demonstrate the validity of the sibling mediation approach using simulation, and show its application using the example of prenatal antidepressant exposure and toddler anxiety and depression, with gestational age at birth as a mediator. We used data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, a cohort comprising 41% of births in Norway between 1999 and 2008 to identify 91,333 pregnancies, of which 25,776 were part of sibling groups. ResultsIn simulations, sibling models were less biased than cohort models in cases where non-shared confounding was weaker than shared confounding, and when stronger non-shared confounding was controlled, but more biased otherwise. In the full cohort, the estimated mean difference in depression/anxiety scale z-scores for natural direct effects (NDE) were 0.31 (95% confidence interval 0.23 to 0.39) and 0.14 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.24), without and with adjustment for non-shared confounders, respectively. The natural indirect effect was 0.01 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.02) after adjustment. Adjustment for shared and non-shared confounding showed similar point estimates with wider confidence intervals (NDE 0.18, 95% CI -0.21 to 0.47; NIE -0.01, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.06). ConclusionsFindings suggest that the modest association between prenatal antidepressant exposure and anxiety/depression is not mediated by gestational age and is likely explained by both shared confounders and non-shared confounders, and chance.