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Non-contact optical imaging of tissue deformation enables in vivo cardiovascular monitoring

Lefebvre, A. T.; Steiner, N. E.; Wang, S.; Rodriguez, C. L.; Bar-Kochba, E.; Shi, Y.; Cho, S.-M.; Blodgett, D. W.; Mirski, M.

2026-09-10 bioengineering
10.64898/2026.09.04.749131 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Significance: Continuous, non-invasive monitoring of cardiovascular physiology provides critical information for clinical decision-making and patient care. Emerging optical sensors enable non-contact measurement of physiological parameters such as heart rate and respiratory rate, but current methods are limited in their ability to capture spatially resolved physiological waveforms. Aim: We aimed to extend the capabilities of non-contact cardiovascular monitoring by using an imaging-based approach from which spatially resolved physiological waveforms can be extracted and cardiovascular biomarkers can be derived in vivo. Approach: We implemented a digital holographic imaging sensor to continuously measure calibrated tissue motion for in vivo assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers in six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, with validation against electrocardiographic and invasive arterial blood pressure measurements. Results: Heart rate and pulse arrival time-derived pulse wave velocity calculated from digital holographic imaging demonstrate strong agreement with reference-derived metrics (concordance correlation coefficient [≥] 0.98). Heart rate variability shows moderate agreement with reference-derived metrics (concordance correlation coefficient [≥] 0.59).

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