Multinational Validation of the Intensive Documentation Index for ICU Mortality Prediction: Temporal Resolution and ICU Mortality
Collier, A.; Shalhout, S. Z.
Show abstract
Clinical documentation timestamps generate a continuous, zero-burden behavioral signal in the electronic health record. We developed the Intensive Documentation Index (IDI) and validated it in two independent cohorts: MIMIC-IV (26,153 U.S. ICU heart failure patients, primary outcome in-hospital mortality) and HiRID (33,897 Swiss all-ICU patients, primary outcome ICU mortality). In MIMIC-IV, the IDI-enhanced logistic regression achieved an AUROC of 0.6491, compared with a baseline of 0.6242 (Brier score of 0.1299). In HiRID, where documentation latency is 1.2 minutes, compared with 15 hours in MIMIC-IV, AUROC was 0.9063, well above published APACHE IV and SAPS III benchmarks. The approximately 0.27 AUROC gap reflects the importance of temporal granularity in documentation-based risk stratification. IDI requires no physiologic measurements, making it complementary to established severity scores. Prospective validation in real-time EHR systems is required before clinical deployment.
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