Structure of Mental Disorders in Children in Outpatient Practice of a Specialized Mental Health Center in Tajikistan

ObjectiveTo analyze the structure of mental disorders in children in the outpatient practice of a specialized mental health center for optimization of care organization for this patient category. MethodsA retrospective analysis of medical records of 23 children (out of 44 patients) at the Insight Mental Health Center (Dushanbe, Tajikistan) was conducted for the period from December 9, 2025, to January 8, 2026. Diagnosis was performed according to ICD-10 criteria using standardized instruments: M-CHAT-R, ADOS-2, and ADI-R for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); SNAP-IV for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); CGI; and pediatric versions of PHQ and GAD. ResultsChildren accounted for 52% of all patients. Primary school-age children (7-12 years) predominated at 43.5%. Disorders of psychological development (F80-F89) dominated the nosological structure at 82.6%, with ASD comprising 56.5%. ADHD was diagnosed in 30.4% of cases. Comorbidity was registered in 47.7% of patients. ConclusionThe structure of pediatric psychiatric pathology is characterized by a predominance of developmental disorders and high comorbidity levels, justifying the need for a multidisciplinary approach.