Back

Impact of Temporal Patterns in Working Contacts on Epidemic Spread

Bryzgalov, A.; Ponge, J.; Suer, J.; Krueger, T.; Musundi, B.; Xu, C.; Bock, W.; Kahkashan, M.; Karch, A.; Patzner, J.; Kretzschmar, M.; Mikolajczyk, R.; OptimAgent,

2025-12-11 epidemiology
10.64898/2025.12.10.25341893 medRxiv
Show abstract

Most models for infectious disease spread simplify contact heterogeneity by assuming constant rates within a week. However, empirical studies show clear variation, such as reduced workplace contacts on weekends. In this work, we investigate the effects of daily variation in workplace contacts on the spread of respiratory infections using the individual-based framework GEMS (German Epidemic Micro-Simulation System) with a synthetic population of 5 million individuals. We compare a baseline scenario with uniform daily contacts to an alternative with more contacts on workdays and fewer on weekends, keeping weekly totals constant. Simulations reveal that uniform contact rates result in higher prevalence for short latent periods (1-2 days) and reduced one for longer latencies (5-6 days). The effect diminishes for long infectious periods ([≥] 7 days) but is more pronounced at lower basic reproduction numbers. Depending on the disease specification and the differences in weekday contacts, the impact of weekday heterogeneity can be very strong. These findings open new possibilities for weekday-dependent mitigation measures. We conclude that weekly contact dynamics should be explicitly incorporated into epidemic models to avoid systematic errors in reproduction number estimation.

Published in Scientific Reports (predicted rank #3) · training set

Matching journals

The top 7 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.