Infection of ratites with clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV H5N1: Potential implications for zoonotic risk
Coombes, H. A.; Terrey, J.; Schlachter, A.-L.; McCarter, P.; Regina, I.; Hepple, R.; McGinn, N.; Seekings, J.; Cooper, J.; Clifton, B.; Mollett, B. C.; Falchieri, M.; Nunez, A.; Reid, S. M.; James, J.; Banyard, A. C.
10.1101/2025.09.08.674895 bioRxivShow abstract
We detected H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza in captive Greater Rhea (Rhea americana). Viral genetic analysis revealed the mammalian associated PB2-E627K mutation, indicating selection of mammalian-relevant mutations in ratites. Pathologic investigation of available tissues demonstrated severe multifocal necrotising inflammation, and a strong vasculotropism.
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