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Image-based leaf SPAD value and chlorophyll measurement using a mobile phone: enabling accessible and sustainable crop management

Anderson, J.; Boonyaves, K.; Okamoto, H.; Karaket, N.; Chuekong, W.; Garvie, M.; Chabang, N.; Osorio, D.; Supaibulwatana, K.

2025-07-08 plant biology
10.1101/2025.07.08.663527 bioRxiv
Show abstract

This study evaluates a practical, low-cost solution for image-based leaf SPAD (Soil and Plant Analysis Development) value and chlorophyll content monitoring using a mobile phone. We compare laboratory assay and SPAD-502+ measurements with image-based estimates from a mobile phone app (PhotoFolia). Performance is tested for four commercial rice varieties grown in Thailand. Results show that the image-based method can predict SPAD values within {+/-} 1.2 units Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and chlorophyll concentrations within 7.2% Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of laboratory results. Achieving a SPAD value error close to the industry standard of {+/-}1 unit and a relative error of less than 10% in chlorophyll concentration estimation (compared to a laboratory method) demonstrates that an image-based approach using standard mobile phones can serve as an accessible, low-cost tool for on-farm chlorophyll monitoring, without the need for specialised equipment.

Published in Precision Agriculture · not in our set (fewer than 10 published preprints to learn from) · training set

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