Analysis of isobaric quantitative proteomic data using TMT-Integrator and FragPipe computational platform

Isobaric mass tags, such as iTRAQ and TMT, are widely utilized for peptide and protein quantification in multiplex quantitative proteomics. We present TMT-Integrator, a bioinformatics tool for processing quantitation results from TMT and iTRAQ experiments, offering integrative reports at the gene, protein, peptide, and post-translational modification site levels. We demonstrate the versatility of TMT-Integrator using five publicly available TMT datasets: an E. coli dataset with 13 spike-in proteins, the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) whole proteome and phosphopeptide-enriched datasets from the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, and two human cell lysate datasets showcasing the latest advances with the Astral instrument and TMT 35-plex reagents. Integrated into the widely used FragPipe computational platform (https://fragpipe.nesvilab.org/), TMT-Integrator is a core component of TMT and iTRAQ data analysis workflows. We evaluate the FragPipe/TMT-Integrator analysis pipelines performance against MaxQuant and Proteome Discoverer with multiple benchmarks, facilitated by the bioinformatics tool OmicsEV. Our results show that FragPipe/TMT-Integrator quantifies more proteins in the E. coli and ccRCC whole proteome datasets, identifies more phosphorylated sites in the ccRCC phosphoproteome dataset, and delivers overall more robust quantification performance compared to other tools.