Back

Pre-existing H1N1 immunity reduces severe disease with bovine H5N1 influenza virus

Le Sage, V.; Werner, B. D.; Merrbach, G. A.; Petnuch, S. E.; O'Connell, A. K.; Simmons, H. C.; McCarthy, K. R.; Reed, D. S.; Moncla, L. H.; Bhavsar, D. H.; Krammer, F.; Crossland, N.; McElroy, A.; Duprex, W. P.; Lakdawala, S.

2024-10-23 microbiology
10.1101/2024.10.23.619881 bioRxiv
Show abstract

The emergence of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in dairy cattle herds across the United States has caused multiple mild human infections. There is an urgent need to understand the risk of spillover into humans. Here, we show that pre-existing immunity from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus provided protection from mortality and severe clinical disease to ferrets intranasally infected with bovine H5N1. H1N1 immune ferrets exhibited a differential tissue tropism with little bovine H5N1 viral dissemination to organs outside the respiratory tract and significantly less H5N1 virus found in nasal secretions and the respiratory tract. Additionally, ferrets with H1N1 prior immunity produced antibodies that cross-reacted with H5N1 neuraminidase protein. Taken together, these results suggest that mild disease in humans may be linked to prior immunity to human seasonal influenza viruses.

Matching journals

The top 3 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.