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SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance from community-distributed rapid antigen tests

Emmen, I. E.; Vuyk, W. C.; Lail, A. J.; Wolf, S.; O'Connor, E. J.; Dalvie, R.; Bhasin, M.; Virdi, A.; White, C.; Hassan, N. R.; Richardson, A.; VanSleet, G.; Weiler, A. M.; Rounds-Dunn, S.; Van Horn, K.; Gartler, M.; Jorgenson, J.; Spelman, M.; Ottosen, S.; Minor, N. R.; Wilson, N.; Friedrich, T.; O'Connor, D.

2024-08-14 infectious diseases
10.1101/2024.08.12.24311680 medRxiv
Show abstract

In the United States, SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance initially relied almost entirely on residual diagnostic specimens from nucleic acid amplification-based tests (NAATs). The use of NAATs waned after the end of the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency. We partnered with local- and state-level public health agencies and the Dane County Public Library System to continue genomic surveillance by obtaining SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from freely available community rapid antigen tests (RATs). From August 15, 2023 to February 29, 2024 we received 227 tests, from which we generated 127 sequences with >10x depth of coverage for [≥]90% of the genome. In a subset of tests, lower Ct values correlated with sequence success. Our results demonstrate that collecting and sequencing from RATs in partnership with community sites is a practical approach for sustaining SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance.

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