Designing a Library of Lived Experience for Mental Health: integrated realist synthesis and experience-based co-design study

ObjectiveLiving Library Readers can learn about experiences of others through conversations with living Books. This study sought to generate a realist programme theory and a theory-informed implementation guide for a Library of Lived Experience for Mental Health (LoLEM). DesignIntegrated realist synthesis and experience-based co-design. SettingTen online workshops with participants based in the North of England. ParticipantsThirty-one participants with a combination of personal experience of using mental health services, caring for someone with mental health difficulties, and/or working in mental health support roles. ResultsDatabase searches identified 30 published and grey literature evidence sources which were integrated with data from 10 online co-design workshops. The analysis generated a programme theory comprising five context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations. For Readers, direct conversations humanise others experiences (CMO 2) and provide the opportunity to flexibly explore new ways of living (CMO 3). Through participation in a Living Library, Books may experience personal empowerment (CMO 4), while the process of self-authoring and co-editing their story (CMO 5) can contribute to personal development. This programme theory informed the co-design of an implementation guide highlighting the importance of tailoring event design and participant support to the contexts in which LoLEM events are held. ConclusionsThe LoLEM has appeal across stakeholder groups and can be applied flexibly in a range of mental health-related settings. Implementation and evaluation are required to better understand the positive and negative impacts on Books and Readers. RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42022312789 Strengths and limitations of this studyO_LIThis study used a novel, iterative, and creative approach to integrating theory development and intervention co-design. C_LIO_LIThe programme theory provides a conceptual basis for further evaluation of a LoLEM, including outcomes for those participating in events as Books and Readers. C_LIO_LIThis study informed detailed, co-designed implementation guidance for use by LoLEM organisers. C_LIO_LIHowever, the LoLEM is yet to be delivered as a sustained programme of events, so long-term impacts require further investigation. C_LI