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Evidence that SPIO Chain Formation is Essential for High-Resolution MPI

Colson, C.; Fung, K. L. B.; Bryan, J.; Tay, Z. W.; Fellows, B. D.; Sayuujya, C.; Kuo, R.; Chandrasekharan, P.; Conolly, S. M.

2022-11-28 bioengineering
10.1101/2022.11.27.518061 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a noninvasive imaging modality that exploits the saturation properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIOs). A major thrust of MPI research aims to sharpen the magnetic resolution of biocompatible SPIOs, which will be crucial for affordable and safe clinical translation. We recently reported on a new class of MPI tracers --called superferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SFMIOs) -- which offer much sharper magnetic saturation curves. SFMIOs experimentally demonstrate 10-fold improvement in both resolution and sensitivity. However, superferromagnetism is a relatively unexplored branch of physics and the nanoscale physics and dynamics of SFMIOs remain a mystery. Here we show experimentally that chaining of SPIOs can explain SFMIOs boost in SNR and resolution. We show how concentration, viscosity, transmit amplitude, and pre-polarization time can all affect SPIO chain formation and SFMIO behavior. These experiments will inform strategies on SFMIO chemical synthesis as well as SFMIO data acquisition pulse sequences.

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